About 5% of the world's population is suffering from
hemoglobin disorders, mainly from sickle-cell disease and thalassemia.
Hemoglobin disorder is a genetic blood disease. Around three lakh children are
born every year with severe hemoglobin disorder worldwide. However, hemoglobin
disorders can be effectively reduced through the management and preventive
programs.
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What is Sickle Cell Disease?
Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder that affects red
blood cells. Patients with sickle cell disease have red blood cells that become
hard and pointed like a sickle instead of being soft and round. These
sickle-shaped cells stick together and block small blood vessels. This causes
problems in blood moving, which can cause pain and damage to the organ.
What are the symptoms of sickle cell disease?
Symptoms of a sickle cell usually begin to appear in children
in their early stages. Symptoms seen in most children are:
- Anemia with jaundice
- Pain in any part of the body
- Swelling of hands and feet due to blockage in blood vessels
- Recurrent infection
- Tachycardia
- Child developmental delay
Apart from these common symptoms, sickle cell disease can
affect any part of the body. Cardiomyopathy, acute chest syndrome and vision
problems may also occur.
How is sickle cell disease treated?
The treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD) can be done as
follows:
- Medication to reduce symptoms: hydroxyurea, folic acid
- Medications to reduce the risk of infection: Penicillin and Antimalarial
- pain medication
- Blood transfusion SOS for anemia
- Regular eye examination
- Children with sickle cell disease should undergo all necessary vaccinations, including pneumococcus, H influenza, meningococcus, and antibiotics.
- The only treatment is a bone marrow transplant (also called a bone marrow transplant) as a treatment for sickle cell disease. A bone marrow transplant is complex and risky and proves to be an option only for some patients. It has 90% of the disease survival.
What are the possible complications of sickle cell disease?
Complications of sickle cell disease may include:
Long term anemia
Pain Crisis or Sickle Crisis
Acute chest syndrome
Splenic sequestration
Stroke
Infection
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Sickle cell disease can affect any large organ. The reason
maybe:
- Recurrent infection
- Foot ulcer or severe wound
- Damage to bones
- Gallstones
- Kidney damage
- Eye damage
- multiple organ failure
How to help a child to live with sickle cell disease?
Preventive care and the use of drugs have reduced mortality.
But it can still be serious and sometimes fatal to life. Managing sickle cell
disease in children depends on
What is the type of sickle cell in a child?
How serious is the disease?
How many complications does your child have?
How well do you and your child follow preventive efforts?
Although complete prevention from the complication of sickle
cell disease is unlikely, it is possible to help the child lead a healthy life.
Ensure that the child has regular eye tests and other screening tests.
What precautions to take during the corona epidemic?
Sickle cell disease affects the ability of red blood cells
to carry oxygen. As everyone knows that Kovid-19 infection affects the
respiratory system. In such a situation, it is necessary to take precautions
for initial medical advice or treatment to those who have sickle cell disease.
Proper hygiene to reduce the risk of infection:
Wash your hands with soap and water at regular intervals for
at least 20 seconds. Especially after using the washroom and while preparing
food.
Use alcohol-based hand sanitizer if soap and water are not
available.
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